Cotton leaf curl virus disease clcuvd limits cotton production in many cotton growing countries of the world, including pakistan. Cotton leaf curl multan virus clcumv gutierrez, 2008. Rebound of cotton leaf curl multan virus and its exclusive. Molecular characterization of cotton infecting begomovirus es and. Cotton leaf curl viruses clcuv are a number of plant pathogenic virus species of the family geminiviridae in asia and africa the major disease of cotton is caused by the cotton leaf curl geminivirus clcuv. Cai jh, xie k, lin l, qin bx, chen bs, meng jr, et al. Diversity, mutation and recombination analysis of cotton leaf curl. Pdf an overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease, persistant. Cotton leaf curl multan virus newly reported to be associated with cotton leaf curl disease in china. Gossypium hirsutum important cash crop of pakistan.
Isolates from yellow vein mosaicaffected okra were of two types oyvmv types 201 and 301, both distinct from but closely related to the virus isolates from cotton. They are plant viruses that as a group have a very wide host range, infecting dicotyledonous plants. This epidemic phase was associated with the presence of multiple begomovirus species, the most common of which were cotton leaf curl multan virus and cotton leaf curl kokhran virus clcukov mansoor et al. Development of cotton leaf curl virus resistant transgenic cotton. Cotton leaf curl virus disease was first reported during 1967, in 19921993, clcuv disease appeared in epidemic form which caused decrease in seed cotton yield mahmood, 1999. Rebound of cotton leaf curl multan virus and its exclusive detection. This study mathematically correlates incidence of cotton leaf curl virus clcuv, environmental factors i. While the widely cultivated cotton species gossypium hirsutum is. Isolates from leaf curl affected okra had virtually the same sequences as those from cotton. Leaf curl virus and the flavonoid content of resistant and. Moustafa 1 nature volume 191, page 415 1961 cite this article.
Symptomological studies of clcuv on cotton plant reveals that this disease causes upward and downward curling of leaves accomplished by. After the development and introduction of resistant varieties in cotton belt yield losses were recovered gradually and production regained to 11. Four dnaa variants among pakistani isolates of cotton leaf. Clcudis a major constraint to cotton production where it occurs. In texas, the most common virus encountered is the tomato yellow leaf curl virus. Plant viruses transmitted by whiteflies springerlink. Cotton leaf curl disease clcud is a serious disease of cotton across africa and south asia rajagopalan et al. Geminiviral diseases of cotton 127 cotton leaf curl disease a phylogenetic tree based on complete nucleotide sequences of all cotton begomoviruses is shown in figure 3.
Cotton leaf curl virus disease clcud is caused by a suite of whiteflytransmitted begomovirus species and strains, resulting in extensive losses annually in india and pakistan. Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv is the most devastating pathogen of cotton, which is responsible for causing huge economic yield losses. Recently cotton leaf curl disease clcud, a major constraint to cotton production on the indian subcontinent, has been shown to be caused by a monopartite begomovirus cotton leaf curl multan virus clcumv and a novel singlestranded dna satellite molecule termed clcud dna. Sequences of isolates from cotton were of four types. It was readily detected in triple antibody sandwich elisa tas.
Four dnaa variants among pakistani isolates of cotton. These are the out growth in different shape and form either on veins or leaf lamina. With this objective genetic material comprising 11060. Cotton leaf curl viral disease complex caused by cotton. In october 2008 and july 2009, some cotton plants were found to develop upward leaf curl symptoms accompanied by thickening and often thick dark greening of leaf veins, leafy enations and stunting in a field of the suburb of nanning city, guangxi, china. Cotton leaf curl multan virus newly reported to be associated.
Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with cotton. There are currently 424 species in this genus including the type species bean. Cotton not only provides fiber to textile industry but its seed is used as an important source of edible oil. Cotton leaf curl virus pdf masuzi april 19, 2020 uncategorized 0 pdf cotton leaf curl virus disease a cotton leaf curl virus disease clcud leaf curl disease of cotton pdf cotton leaf curl virus disease. Functional characterization of a bidirectional plant. Cotton leaf curl multan virus newly reported to be. C1 protein of cotton leaf curl multan betasatellite clcumub interacts. The present study was focused on the application of organic nutritional. Among the various members of begomovirus species, cotton leaf curl multan virus clcumuv is the most devastating virus responsible for huge cotton production losses in the northernwestern india subcontinent since the 1980s. Cotton leaf curl virus requires 30 minutes of feeding on infected plant to acquire the virus and a latent period of 24 hours and then 30 minutes of feeding on healthy plant to transmit the virus leading to unnoticeable changes at the initial stage to remarkable variations in growth patterns at later stages of cotton plant development.
Cotton leaf curl multan virusderived viral small rnas can. Worldwide they are responsible for a considerable amount of economic damage to many important crops such as tomatoes, beans, squash, cassava and cotton. Mathematical modeling of cotton leaf curl virus with respect to. There are many different virus species, all belonging to the begomovirusgenus, and dna. Isolates from leaf curlaffected okra had virtually the same sequences as those from cotton. Genetics and genomics of cotton leaf curl disease, its. In the past, efforts were made to combat this disease by. Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv disease is crucial threat for cotton production in pakistan. Transcriptomics reveals multiple resistance mechanisms. Pdf cotton leaf curl virus clcuv disease in pakistan. Introgression of cotton leaf curl virusresistant genes from.
Cotton leaf curl was first reported by farquharson in 1912 in native cottons grown in nigeria. Viruses in the geminivirus group are most often the culprit for virusbased leaf twisting in tomatoes. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that recombination between two major groups of viruses, cotton leaf curl multan virus clcumuv and cotton. Management of cotton leaf curl virus clcuv disease through integrated pest management ipm techniques by adopting farmers field school ffs approach, national agriculture research center narc, islamabad was established. The main objective of the component is to validate and transfer best practices for clcuv management of cotton crop. Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv is the most serious disease of cotton in almost all cotton growing areas of the country. Present status of cotton leaf curl virus disease clcuvd. Recovery plan cotton leaf curl disease caused by a leaf curl. Artificial micrornamediated resistance against the.
Screening of germplasm to explore resistant source is a basic step towards the solution of this hazardous problem. Cotton genus gossypium, family malvaceae is one of the most important crops in china. C1 protein induces autophagy by disrupting the interaction of autophagyrelated protein 3 with glyceraldehyde 3phosphate dehydrogenases asigul ismayila, meng yanga, yakupjan haxima, yunjing wanga, jinlin lia, lu hana, yan wanga, xiyin. Pim7685 is a new clcuvresistant line developed through the use of induced mutation. Autophagy plays an important role in plantpathogen interactions. Towards the end of the epidemic phase, clcud almost entirely disappeared from cotton as resistant cotton varieties, developed by. Cotton leaf curl virus poses a major threat to cotton productivity in pakistan.
Cultivation of resistant cotton genotypes is the most effective method of reducing yield losses due to clcuv. A stem pitting apple stem pitting, citrus twisteza virus on kagzi lime. This virus belongs to the family geminiviridae and genus begomovirus. Cotton leaf curl is a destructive disease of cotton and several other malvaceous plant species that is transmitted by b. Cotton leaf curl viral disease complex caused by cotton leaf.
Later on it was reported from tanzania in 19262 and from sudan in 19343. Molecular insight into cotton leaf curl geminivirus. Identification and application of biocontrol agents against. Leaf curl virus and the flavonoid content of resistant and susceptible strains of cotton esam m. Review article an overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease. Onehundred and fourteen virus species are transmitted by whiteflies family aleyrodidae.
Management of cotton crop under high cotton leaf curl. Cotton leaf curl viral disease complex caused by cotton leaf curl virus complex begomovirus, geminiviridae. Among them, cotton leaf curl virus disease clcuvd is one of the significant factors responsible for yield reduction worldwide. Effect of cotton leaf curl virus infected plants on the. To study the inheritance pattern of resistance against the cotton leaf curl virus clcuv in cotton, the cotton leaf curl virus resistant lra5166 and clcuv susceptible s12 cotton cultivars were crossed. Indian council of agricultural research icar all india. Cotton leaf curl disease is associated with multiple. Pk, was transmitted by whiteflies bemisia tabaci to seven plant species, including french bean, okra, tobacco and tomato, and caused vein thickening and leaf curl symptoms. Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv is the most serious disease of cotton in almost all cottongrowing areas of the country. Pdf cotton leaf curl virus disease a principle cause of decline pdf an overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease clcud a leaf curl disease of cotton pdf garden bugs pdf an overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease clcud a cotton leaf curl virus garden bugs pdf cotton leaf curl virus ionic status of leaves and symptom.
Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv is a serious pathogen causing leaf curl disease and affecting the cotton production in major growing areas. The present epidemic of cotton leaf curl disease clcud originated in the punjab region near the city of multan and was first reported in 1985, although it was noted in this region as early as 1967. The generations f1, bc1, bc2 and f2 of the said cross were studied for the inheritance of clcuv resistance along with their parents. Pdf among most serious threats of last two decades with reference to cotton crop in pakistan is cotton leaf curl virus. Four newly developed cotton mutants m111, m7662, m358 and m218 were compared for their resistance against cotton leaf curl virus clcuv together with commercial resistant cim443, cim482. A group of whitefly transmitted ssdna viruses with ssdna satellites, causing leaf curl disease of cotton, vegetables, and ornamentals contents july 28, 20 page executive summary and contributors 1 i. Resistance to cotton leaf curl virus clcuv in a mutant. Bemisia tabaci transmits 111 of these species while trialeurodes vaporariorum and t. Furthermore, in virusplant interactions, viral factors that induce autophagy have yet to be identified. Clcuv belongs to genus bego movirus of geminiviridae family and is. In pakistan, cotton leaf curl virus clcv was observed near multan in 19674. Molecular insight into cotton leaf curl geminivirus disease.
Nov 21, 2017 cotton leaf curl disease clcud, caused by cotton leaf curl viruses clcuvs, is among the most devastating diseases in cotton. Detection and relationships of cotton leaf curl virus and. Cotton is one of the most important crops of pakistan, accounting for over 60% of foreign exchange earnings. Recovery plan cotton leaf curl disease caused by a leaf. Begomovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family geminiviridae. Engineer complete resistance to cotton leaf curl multan. Cotton is under the constant threat of leaf curl virus, which is a major constraint for successful production of cotton in the pakistan. Nigeria in 1912 pakistan is 5th biggest cotton producer country. The disease is caused by monopartite begomoviruses, the most important of which at this time is cotton leaf curl burewala virus clcubuv, in association with a specific satellite. Management of cotton leaf curl virus disease and its vector. Cotton leaf curl virus resistance genes cotton leaf cotton leaf curl virus alchetron the thickening of leaves cotton plant. Clcud is caused by a pathogen complex of monopartite begomoviruses singlestranded dna viruses of the family geminiviridae that are transmitted by the whitefly bemisia tabaci and a specific dna betasatellite dna.
Cotton leaf curl burewala virus clcubuv is a whiteflytransmitted monopartite begomovirus that infects cotton and has a recombinant genome composed of sequences derived from the cotton leaf curl multan virus clcumuv and cotton leaf curl kokhran virus clcukov 2325. Elis a by 11 out of 31 monoclonal antibodies raised against the particles of three other. Introgression of cotton leaf curl virusresistant genes. Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv is one of the major biotic constraints of cotton production in pakistan. Begomovirus, the causative agent of leaf curl disease in cotton plants gossypium hirsutum, is exclusively transmitted by whitefly species bemisia tabaci gennadius hemiptera. Pdf cotton leaf curl virus disease a principle cause of decline in. A total of 3338 cotton genotypes belonging to different research stations were screened, but none were found to be resistant against the burewala strain of cotton leaf curl virus clcuv. In this study, a small interfering rna sirna construct was designed to target the ac1 gene of. Clcuv transmission occurs in sriganganagar rajasthan, an area endemic with cotton leaf curl disease. Inproving resistance to cotton leaf curl virus clcuv and.
It was initially reported in 1967 in multan district as a minor disease to g. C lcuv belongs to genus begomovirus of geminiviridae family and is. What makes tomato leaves twist or curl how do i treat. Several pathogens including viruses induce autophagy in plants, but the underpinning mechanism remains largely unclear. Raj s k, khan m s, snehi s k, srivastava s, singh h b, 2006. Pdf an overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease clcud a damage ca by cotton leaf curl virus on plant stock. Exploration of cotton leaf curl virus resistance genes.
Cotton leaf curl disease clcud is caused by a pathogen complex of a virus and a dna beta satellite dna. Engineer complete resistance to cotton leaf curl multan virus. Cotton leaf curl disease clcud is a major constraint to cotton production across pakistan and northwestern india. An overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease, persistant. Introduction cotton leaf curl, a viral disease of cotton, was reported for the first time in 1912 from nigeria1. Mar 30, 2014 cotton leaf curl virus clcuv geminiviridae. A stock culture of cotton leaf curl virus from pakistan clcuv. Thickening of veins, curling of leaves and formation of leaf enation can be observed at the underside of the infected leaf. An overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease clcud a serious threat to cotton productivity amjad farooq 1, jehanzeb farooq, abid mahmood 1, amir shakeel 2, abdul rehman 3, asia batool 4, muhammad riaz 1, muhammad tasdiq hussain shahid 1 and saira mehboob 4. Review article an overview of cotton leaf curl virus. Identification and application of biocontrol agents. When both of these qtls were fitted simultaneously, they explained 36% of the phenotypic variance.